{"id":1523,"date":"2024-08-18T13:49:41","date_gmt":"2024-08-18T06:49:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/soulandskills.vn\/?p=1523"},"modified":"2024-08-18T13:52:59","modified_gmt":"2024-08-18T06:52:59","slug":"ba-me-lieu-co-dang-nuoi-day-dua-tre-hoan-hao-khong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/soulandskills.vn\/en\/ba-me-lieu-co-dang-nuoi-day-dua-tre-hoan-hao-khong\/","title":{"rendered":"BA M\u1eb8 LI\u1ec6U C\u00d3 \u0110ANG NU\u00d4I D\u1ea0Y \u0110\u1ee8A TR\u1eba HO\u00c0N H\u1ea2O KH\u00d4NG"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 Ba M\u1eb9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u1ea1m b\u1eaby c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c nu\u00f4i d\u1ea1y con qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c?<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0m v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 Ba M\u1eb9 v\u00ec tin r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh \u0111ang h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a con. Nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c, Ba M\u1eb9 l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 v\u00ec c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1ecb \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng theo m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng Ba M\u1eb9 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u0103n h\u00f3a, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh. Nh\u01b0ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0: K\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u1edf con c\u00e1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta so v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch v\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch nghi”.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khoa h\u1ecdc cho r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c th\u00fac \u00e9p con \u0111i qu\u00e1 xa c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nhu c\u1ea7u ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh. Trong m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch nghi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf tr\u1ebb em. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ebb m\u1eabu gi\u00e1o trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian n\u0103m n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1ch nu\u00f4i d\u1ea1y con \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ea7u to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, tr\u1ebb em \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 khi ch\u00fang 7 tu\u1ed5i, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 khi ch\u00fang 8, 9 v\u00e0 11 tu\u1ed5i. Ba M\u1eb9 quen thu\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi tr\u1ebb c\u0169ng tham gia v\u00e0o nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, tr\u1ebb em \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3i c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1 trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 Ba M\u1eb9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap con m\u00ecnh n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n. Sau \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a Ba M\u1eb9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 Ba M\u1eb9 “ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n” tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd hay kh\u00f4ng. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u1eeb c\u1ea3 tr\u1ebb em v\u00e0 Ba M\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho th\u1ea5y khi Ba M\u1eb9 can thi\u1ec7p – ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u1ecd lu\u00f4n hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c – con c\u00e1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u1ef1 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u0169ng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 lo l\u1eafng cao h\u01a1n. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb n\u00e0y li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh \u201ckh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ed1t\u201d v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ef1 tr\u00e1ch m\u00ecnh v\u00ec nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. T\u1ec7 h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng khi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb n\u00e0y l\u1edbn l\u00ean, xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ea7u to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u0103ng l\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tin t\u1ed1t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i d\u1ea1y con c\u00e1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba vi\u1ec7c nu\u00f4i d\u1ea1y con c\u00e1i qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c. Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ng\u1eebng l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n con m\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eebng th\u00fac \u00e9p con qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c.<\/b><\/p>\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch d\u1eabn \u1edf tr\u00ean cho th\u1ea5y tr\u1ebb em c\u00e0ng b\u1ecb th\u00fac \u00e9p th\u00ec nguy c\u01a1 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e2m l\u00fd nh\u01b0 lo l\u1eafng v\u00e0 tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m c\u00e0ng cao. Khi \u0111\u1eb7t ra k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng cho tr\u1ebb em, Ba M\u1eb9 c\u1ea7n c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb. K\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 khi\u1ebfn tr\u1ebb t\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u00e1nh th\u00fac \u00e9p con qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc trong h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc trong c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ngo\u1ea1i kh\u00f3a, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 thao, \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c ho\u1eb7c khi\u00eau v\u0169. Khi Ba M\u1eb9 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc, tr\u1ebb em c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ea5y kh\u00f3 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i h\u01a1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn Ba M\u1eb9 kh\u00f3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 tr\u1ebb h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eebng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u00e1i qu\u00e1 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a con\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

Khi ch\u00fang ta k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o con, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u00e1i qu\u00e1 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m cho m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n khi\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n. Khi Ba M\u1eb9 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m – v\u00e0 d\u1ea1y con t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ch\u00fang – Ba M\u1eb9 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch tr\u1ebb ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 ti\u00ean phong c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Stanford Carole Dweck g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “t\u01b0 duy c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh”. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh coi l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/span><\/p>\n

Thay v\u00ec t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m, h\u00e3y gi\u00fap con ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u201ct\u01b0 duy ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n\u201d b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch con coi l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai – ho\u1eb7c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng con c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 – \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua nh\u1eefng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eebng s\u1ed1ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Ba M\u1eb9 th\u00f4ng qua con.<\/b><\/p>\n

Ba M\u1eb9 r\u1ea5t mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc ch\u01a1i m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 khi c\u00f2n tr\u1ebb. Ba M\u1eb9 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m v\u1eady. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u00fd do \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c con tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p. Nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0a ra cho con m\u00ecnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ch\u00fang ta, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft t\u1ed1t cho con<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1ee3i \u00edch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a con kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch m\u00e0 Ba M\u1eb9 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng \u1edf con. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y tr\u1ebb theo m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, Ba M\u1eb9 c\u1ea7n suy ngh\u0129 xem b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u0111ang l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 v\u00ec con hay \u0111ang l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u01b0\u1edbc m\u01a1 ch\u01b0a th\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eebng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Ba M\u1eb9 can thi\u1ec7p qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ebfn con.<\/b><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng cho th\u1ea5y tr\u1ebb em \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i khi Ba M\u1eb9 tham gia v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p Ba M\u1eb9 qu\u00e1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u David Bredehoft, Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129, Jean Illsley Clarke, Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 v\u00e0 Connie Dawson, Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 l\u01b0u \u00fd, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u ho\u1eb7c cho tr\u1ebb qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 “c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf tr\u1ebb th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft”. H\u1ecd n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 nu\u00f4ng chi\u1ec1u qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Ba M\u1eb9 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n tr\u1ebb ph\u00e1t huy h\u1ebft ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Nu\u00f4i d\u1ea1y con c\u00e1i can thi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0:<\/b><\/p>\n